Which condition is characterized by a triphasic waveform during Doppler examination?

A triphasic waveform during a Doppler examination is typically indicative of normal arterial flow. This waveform is characterized by three distinct phases, which reflect the rapid changes in blood velocity during the cardiac cycle as well as the healthy elasticity of the arterial walls. In a healthy vascular system, particularly in the large peripheral arteries, the triphasic waveform represents optimal blood flow without significant obstruction or turbulence.

In contrast, conditions such as aortic stenosis, peripheral artery disease, and vein reflux would not demonstrate a triphasic waveform. Aortic stenosis often leads to a diminished or monophasic waveform due to increased resistance to blood flow. Similarly, peripheral artery disease typically presents with a biphasic or monophasic waveform as a result of narrowed or occluded arteries. Vein reflux is characterized by a different set of waveforms reflecting venous blood flow dynamics, often showing a continuous waveform rather than the distinct phases seen in healthy arterial flow.